中国水利

设计施工一体化是对传统设计施工模式的转型与升级，是水利工程降本增效的有效手段。该模式有助于充分发挥设计单位的技术主导作用，同时简化多方协作链条，避免因行业管理结构割裂和流程碎片化导致的资源浪费与效率低下等问题。受限于我国当前水利工程建设管理体制，大坝工程设计与施工一体化程度相对不高，现场施工与既定设计方案之间往往存在偏差，同时存在设计施工协同难度大、管理颗粒度不一致、信息共享效率低、标准化程度不高、管控过程人为因素干扰大等问题。建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling,BIM）作为一种以信息模型为载体、以数据共享为目标、以应用分析为核心的集成式信息化技术，为构建数字孪生水利工程和实现智慧化仿真提供了关键支撑。BIM技术具有可视化、协同性、模拟性、优化性、可出图性和信息完备等特性，能够显著提升设计效率和设计施工协同管理水平，已成为智能大坝建设核心支撑技术之一。开展基于BIM技术的大坝设计施工一体化管理平台架构研究，是提升大坝设计施工一体化管理能力、推进智能大坝建设的有效举措。

Integration of design and construction, being a transformation and upgrading of the traditional design and construction model, can serve as an effective way of reducing costs and increasing the efficiency of water resources projects. This model may maximize the role of technical leadership of design institutes, while facilitating multi-party collaboration and preventing waste and low efficiency caused by the fragmentation of management structure and process. Limited by the current construction and management system in China, integration of design and construction is challenging, which results in deviations between on-site construction and design, difficulties in coordination of design and construction, management, information sharing, and standardization, as well as human interference in the construction and management process. Building Information Modeling (BIM), which takes information model as a vehicle, aims at data sharing, and focuses on application analysis, is favorable for constructing digital twin water resources projects and achieving intelligent simulation. BIM technology is good at visualization, collaboration, simulation, optimization, plottability, and gathering complete information, which enables it to enhance the efficiency of design and coordinated management of design and construction. It has become one of the key technologies for smart dam construction. Carrying out research on the architecture of a dam design and construction integrated management platform based on BIM technology is an effective measure to improve the integrated management capability of dam design and construction and promote the construction of smart dams.