中国水利

为加快推进农村供水高质量发展，补齐运行管护短板，在深入调研的基础上，梳理了县域统管发展历程，阐述了推进县域统管的意义，深入分析了县域统管存在的问题，界定了县域统管判断标准，提出了加快推进县域统管的若干思考和建议。聚焦当前部分县域统管存在的范围、职责不清及长效运营机制有待完善等问题，研究提出县域统管的关键要素：需要有全覆盖的服务对象、专业化的管理主体、现代化的管理手段、均等化的管理质效、可持续的运营机制。农村供水县域统管具有整体性、系统性、协同性、专业性、经营性等特点，要因地制宜、分类施策，选择适合实际的管理模式，需要政府与市场协同发力，运用现代化手段提升管理水平，健全良性水价机制，提升县域统管质效，更好地推动农村供水高质量发展。对于当前尚不具备全面推行以市场化、专业化为主体的县域统管的地区，强化行业监管和技术指导，充分发挥基层治理体系作用，守住农村饮水安全底线。

In order to speed up high-quality development of rural water supply and fill the gap of operation and management, the development process of unified management at the county level is reviewed by introduction of its significance and a detailed analysis of problems, to define and clarify the criteria based on in-depth research and studies. With a focus on current issues such as lacking of clear scope of responsibilities and overlapping of functions in some counties and necessity of having a long-term operational mechanisms, key factors related to unified management are examined and proposed, i.e. a operation mechanism should have features of fully covered service recipients, professional administrative entities, modern management tools, fairly competent management quality and efficiency and sustainability. Considering the characteristics of integral, systematic, synergistic, professional and operational, unified management needs to tailor measures to local conditions for policy making, select suitable models, reach synergy of government and the market, employ modern tools to improve management level, perfect water pricing mechanism, improve the quality and efficiency of county-level unified management,enhance quality and efficiency for high-quality development of rural water supply. For those counties that are not ready for promoting marketization and professionalized management, industry regulation and supervision and technical guidance should be strengthened by fully exploring the role of grassroots governance system, so as to safeguard drinking water safety in rural areas.