中国水利

受气候变化等多重因素叠加影响，我国极端暴雨洪涝灾害发生的频率、强度和广度均呈上升趋势，制约了城市经济社会高质量发展。中央城市工作会议要求统筹城市防洪体系和内涝治理。从全球气候变化、国家水安全保障需求和洪涝风险演变等方面分析了城市洪涝防控面临的新形势、新要求，在回顾现有防洪与排涝体系建设成效基础上，剖析了统筹城市防洪体系和内涝治理的难点，包括水循环系统不确定性增强、洪涝防治技术标准衔接不畅、防洪工程和排涝工程调度统筹难度大、水系统常态与应急调度协调困难和洪涝灾害链传播特性复杂等。针对上述难点问题和需求，面向统筹城市防洪体系和内涝治理，从城市洪涝形成与防控全过程的视角，提出5个方面对策建议：夯实洪涝治理的科学基础、构建洪涝协同治理制度标准、优化城市洪涝协同防御体系、统筹城市水系统常态与应急管理及提升城市基础设施韧性。研究成果可为进一步统筹城市防洪体系和内涝治理、加强城市水安全保障提供一定参考。

Under the compounded influence of climate change and other factors, the frequency, intensity, and extent of extreme rainstorm and flood disasters in China are increasing, constraining the high-quality development of urban economy and society. The Central Urban Work Conference called for the coordination of urban flood control systems and waterlogging management. From the perspectives of global climate change, national water security needs, and flood risk evolution, this study analyzes the new situations and requirements for urban flood prevention and control. On the basis of reviewing the achievements of existing flood control and drainage systems, the difficulties in coordinating urban flood control and waterlogging management are examined, including increased uncertainty in the water cycle system, poor alignment of technical standards for flood and waterlogging control, difficulty in coordinating the operation of flood control and drainage projects, challenges in aligning regular and emergency scheduling of water systems, and the complex propagation characteristics of flood disaster chains. To address these issues, five countermeasures are proposed from the perspective of the whole process of urban flood formation and control: consolidating the scientific foundation of flood governance, establishing institutional and technical standards for coordinated management, optimizing the collaborative urban flood defense system, coordinating regular and emergency management of urban water systems, and enhancing the resilience of urban infrastructure. The results can provide reference for further coordinating urban flood control systems and waterlogging management, and for strengthening urban water security.