中国水利

淮河流域是多个国家重大战略高度叠加区域，流域水安全关乎区域高质量发展与人民高品质生活。总结了淮河流域在水旱灾害防御、水资源节约集约利用、水生态保护修复、流域治理管理体制机制法治体系建设等方面的成效，剖析“十五五”时期淮河保护治理高质量发展面临的防洪体系短板弱项、水资源开发利用和配置体系尚待完善、河湖保护治理形势依然严峻、流域治理管理“四个统一”存在薄弱环节等问题，提出“十五五”时期流域水安全保障规划编制工作应结合流域实际，重点从完善流域防洪工程体系、实施国家水网重大工程、建立健全节水制度政策、复苏河湖生态环境、推进数字孪生水利建设、强化体制机制法治建设和流域治理管理等六方面提出思路举措，旨在为流域经济社会高质量发展提供坚实的水安全保障。

The Huaihe River basin is a region with a high concentration of multiple national strategic initiatives, and its water security is critical to the region's high-quality development and the quality of life for people. This paper summarizes the basin's achievements in food and drought disaster prevention,water conservation and intensive utilization, ecological protection and restoration, and the development of governance systems and legal frameworks. It analyzes the challenges faced during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, including weaknesses in the food control system, the incomplete system for water resources development and allocation, the continuing severity of river and lake protection and governance issues,and defciencies in the “four unifcations” of basin governance and management. In response, the plan's formulation should be based on the actual conditions of the basin and focus on six key areas: improving the food control system, implementing major national water network projects, establishing and improving water-saving policies and institutions, restoring river and lake ecosystems, promoting the development of digital twin water conservancy, and strengthening institutional, legal, and governance systems. These efforts aim to provide a solid water security safeguarding for the region's high-quality economic and social development.