中国水利

农业是永定河流域用水大户，发展节水农业、建立永定河流域农业长效节水机制，对推动流域综合治理与生态修复、保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。基于永定河流域农业节水灌溉工程面积不断增加、节水技术不断提高、农业用水量稳定下降等发展现状，从降水量、节水农业技术、节水农业管理基础、农业用水管理和节水农业机制五个方面分析了永定河流域节水农业发展尚存在的问题。针对上述问题，以永定河流域投资有限公司节水农业高质量发展路径创新探索为例，总结梳理出节水增粮、科技引领、水源管控和合同节水四种节水农业发展模式，阐述了四种模式的构建形式、各自优势及其在永定河流域的实践应用情况。通过对节水农业发展模式路径的不断探索、实践与完善，永定河流域节水农业发展在节水能力、增粮增效和生态效益方面成效初显。针对永定河流域节水农业高质量发展，提出相关建议。

Agriculture is the primary water user in the Yongding River basin. Developing water-saving agriculture and establishing a long-term mechanism for agricultural water conservation are of great importance for promoting comprehensive basin governance, ecological restoration, and ensuring national food security.Based on the current development status, such as the increasing coverage of agricultural water-saving irrigation projects, advancements in water-saving technologies, and stable reductions in agricultural water usage, this study analyzes existing issues in the basin's water-saving agriculture from five perspectives: precipitation,water-saving agricultural technologies, foundational management, agricultural water use management, and water-saving mechanisms. Addressing these issues, the study takes the innovative exploration of Yongding River Investment Co., Ltd. as an example, summarizing and categorizing four water-saving agriculture development models: water conservation for grain production increase, science and technology leading, water source regulation, and contract-based water conservation. The paper elaborates on the structure, advantages,and practical applications of each model in the basin. Through continuous exploration, practice, and refinement of these development models, water-saving agriculture in the Yongding River basin has demonstrated initial achievements in enhancing water conservation capacity, increasing grain production and efficiency, and improving ecological benefits. Recommendations are provided to further advance high-quality development of water-saving agriculture in the basin.