中国水利

水资源、能源、粮食和生态之间存在紧密的纽带关系。在黄河几字弯水土流失区，各要素互相制衡和协同，是制约区域经济社会可持续发展的关键。系统分析了黄河几字弯水土流失区市域尺度2000—2020年间水资源量、能源消费总量、粮食总产量和植被指数等要素的时空变化特征，结果表明：该区域水资源分布不均、能源消费总量显著增长、粮食产量逐年增加、生态环境状况持续向好，存在水-能-粮-生协同关系，并指出该区域目前还存在发展不均衡、低协同和不可持续等问题。建议未来进一步系统强化水-能-粮-生融合发展，破解水土流失区生态保护与生产发展矛盾，同时增强技术创新与数据支撑，以能源为杠杆、水粮为基底、生态为约束、高质量发展为目标，通过技术创新、制度设计和空间优化，推动水-能-粮-生四要素从低效协同向高效融合转变，实现黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展。

Water resources, energy, food, and ecosystems are closely interconnected. In the soil erosion areas of the Ω Bend of the Yellow River, balancing and coordinating these elements are crucial for sustainable regional socio-economic development. This study systematically analyzes the spatial and temporal variations of key factors, including water resources, total energy consumption, total grain production, and vegetation index, at the city scale in soil erosion areas of the Ω Bend of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2020. The results indicate uneven water distribution, significant growth in energy consumption, a steady increase in grain production,and continuous improvement in ecological conditions. These findings suggest a collaborative relationship among water, energy, food, and ecosystem; however, issues such as unbalanced development, low synergy,and unsustainability persist. The study recommends systematically enhancing the integrated development of water-energy-food-ecosystem, resolving conflicts between ecological protection and production development in soil erosion areas, and strengthening technological innovation and data support, with energy as a lever,water and food as the foundation, ecosystem as a constraint, and high-quality development as the goal, through technological innovation, institutional design, and spatial optimization, promoting the shift from inefficient collaboration to efficient integration of these four elements, thereby achieving ecological protection and highquality development in the Yellow River basin.